What is CPU,how its work,cpu modals,features,CORE class and its types

COMPUTER JANKARI WALE

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                       SAURABH

                          What is CPU ?

CPU is an important part of computer which is also called processor, microprocessor and CPU only. The CPU handles the data and instructions received from all the hardware, software, users and input devices connected to the computer, and processes it and produces the results. Operates operating systems and other programs as well. This is the brain of the computer.

FUNCTION OF CPU

Those who get information about the computer must have complete knowledge of the CPU. Because if we say that we know everything about computers and do not know what the CPU is, then it is a wrong thing.

How does the central processing unit working as the brain of a computer work? Which resolves our problem by completing every calculation in such a speed within seconds.

This is not a miracle but science, which we spend hours copying and doing with a pen, it solves it just by pressing an enter button.

Even though the CPUs of today are very developed, but the way they work is the same basic function that they used to do.

Its basic functions are fetch, decode, execute and writeback

Fetch

Fetch means "to bring". In this step, instructions are received from the program memory. Instruction means numbers or series of numbers. Instruction is many but how does one know which instruction is in which place?

So for this there is a Program counter (PC) which determines the address (location) of the instruction in the program memory. The program stores the address of the counter instruction as a number.

When an instruction fetch is received, the length of the Program Counter is increased according to the length of the instruction so that it holds the address of the next instruction.

Decode 

From fetching the instruction that is brought from memory, it shows what the CPU has to do.

Decode means instruction to decoder. In this step, instruction is passed in a circuit which is also called instruction decoder, which converts instruction into signal from which other parts of CPU are controlled.

Execute 

After bringing Instruction and converting it into signal, the third step is execute. Depending on the design of the CPU, there may be one action or several actions to execute.

Sends decoded instruction to CPU relavent parts so that it can do its work on the basis of parts instruction.

In this way an action or series of action is completed. The results are then written to the internal CPU register. This creates a reference for the subsequent instruction.

Writeback 

After the execution of the process is completed, the result of writeback gets sotre in some form of memory. In a particular instruction set, they are written to the CPU registor so that they can be accessed immediately. They are known by the name of jumps, and its behavior takes place in a loop.

                             Types of CPU 

When you purchase a new computer or think of building it yourself. So for that the selection of processor is most important. Because you know, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) means the processor handles all the important components of a computer. The performance of a computer system depends on its processor. By reading the different types of CPUs mentioned below, you will know which processor will be better for your computer.

Single Core CPUs

These types of CPUs can execute or execute only a single process at a time. Core determines the capacity of a processor. This is the oldest type of CPU chips. Which were used in earlier computers. Computing devices that are equipped with single-core CPUs, their performance is not very good. Especially in multi-tasking.

On running more than one program or application, you will see that their processing capacity will start slowing down. Due to the single core in the processor, the number of the other comes only after the completion of one operation. This causes the other operation to wait for processing. The performance of such CPUs depends on their clock speed, which is a measurement of their power.

Dual Core CPUs

As the name suggests, these CPUs have two cores. That is, we can say that these types of CPUs have the capacity of two processors. Now because Dual Core CPUs have the capacity of two CPUs, they are able to perform more than one operation in comparison to single core. Their processing speed is also higher than that of single core CPUs.

The technology that these CPUs use to perform processes is called dual-core technology. One thing to keep in mind is that the CPU can execute only one process at a time. But through this technology, two processor cores are combined into a single silicone chip.

Quad Core CPUs

This means a processor with four cores. That is, each cores can process and execute a program with independence. You can say that the workload of a computer system is split to four CPUs. These types of CPUs are seen more in today's multi-tasking environment.

In order to be able to use the capabilities of the quad-core CPU, the programs and operating systems running on the computer contain a special type of code, which is known as SMT Code (simultaneous multi-threading technology). These types of CPUs work on multiprocessor architecture. It is a better processor in terms of capabilities than the single and dual-core CPUs mentioned above.

CPU Models

The CPU or Central Processing Unit, called the brain of the computer, is available in many different models nowadays. These models are specially made by well known companies like Intel and AMD. Following are some CPU models.

Core Class (i3, i5, i7 and i9)

Intel launched the Core "i" series in 2008. The same model replaced the previously used Core Duo and Solo CPUs. All these processor models are designed for systems with different performance. If you want to use these models of Intel. So you should know the difference between them.

Core i3: This processor model of Intel is designed for casual user and budget gamer. The i3 processor is usually based on 4 cores and 4 threads.

Core i5: It is based on CPU, 6 cores and 6 threads, which is designed keeping in mind the needs of a heavy user.

Core i7: This CPU model has 6 cores like the Core i5, but the number of threads is 12. Because of which it helps a lot in heavy cpu uses or multitasking. If you want a high level computer system, then Core i7 is a great option.

Core i9: This is the most recent Core processor, which has 10 cores and 20 threads. The recently launched Core i9 is the best processor ever.

Pentium (Pentium, Celeron, Xeon)

The Pentium CPU model was first introduced in 1993 by Intel. These were the most commonly used CPU models in general purpose computers. However, when the core line processors were introduced in 2006, their usage was reduced to a great extent. But even today, the Pentium 4 dual core is used in many PCs.

AMD (Athlon, Duron, Sempron, Opteron, Phenom, Ryzen)

AMD is the second largest CPU manufacturer company in the world. It introduced its first Pentium-compatible CPU (K5) in 1994. After this, AMD launched its remaining processor models one by one in the market. The names given above are the models offered by it.

Apart from this, many other CPU models are also available. But the models mentioned above are used the most. So if you want to build a computer system, for that you have to choose the processor according to your need. Apart from this, also see that the processor you choose supports your motherboard.